Mount for field artillery.



Patented my 2s, lem.

5 Sheets-Sheet I.

L. L. DRIGGS.

MOUNT FOR FIELD ARTILLERY'.

(Application led Dec. 9, 1899. Renewed Feb. 12, 1901.) (No Model.)

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@Witwe/ww No. 679,|I3. Patent'ed July 23, |90l.

L. L. umass. h MUNT FOR FIELD ABTILLERY.

(Application filed Dec. 9, 1899. Renewed Feb. 12, 1901.) (No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 2.

i mmmQmmmmmmgT I' f 4 CZ D4 No. 679,1!3. Patented my 23, |901. L. L.mamas.

MQUHT FOR FELD ARTILLERY.

N M d l K (Application Xed Dec. 9, 1899. Renewea Feb. 12, 1901.) Q o o e5 Sheets-$heet 4.

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No. 679m.

(No Model.)

Patented .Iuly 23, I90L L. L. DRIGGS.

MOUNT FR FIELD RTILLERY.

(Application flied Dec. 9, 1899. Renewed Feb. 12, 1901.) I

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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TATES Na; rrrcn.

,LOUIS L. DRIGGS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF. ONE-HALF TO WILLIAMH. DRIGGS, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

MOUNT FOR FIELD Ant-aunar.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofA Letters Patent No. 679,1 13, datedJ'ulyi23, 1901. 4

Application led December 9, 1899. Renewed February 12, 1901. Serial No.47,048. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LOUIS L. Darcos, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at New York, in theborongh of Manhattan and State of NewYork, have-invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mounts forField Artillery; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear,'and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the xo art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in recoil-mounts for eld artillery;and it consists in the 'certain improved means by which r 5 the shock ofthe recoil is taken up without substantial motion rearward of thecarriage,

l in which the gun may be accurately trained through a small anglewithout disturbing the trail, and an improved means for braking the zowheels of the carriage, and in certain other novel features and` detailsof construction that will be hereinafter more fully described andclaimed.

Reference is had to the accom panyingdrawz 5 ings, in which the sameparts are indicated by the same letters throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation ofthe gunand mount, the axle being shown insection inside of the right wheel and other parts being shown 3o insection along the broken line l 1 of Fig.

10. Fig. 2 is a detail view showing the rear end of the trail. Fig. 3 isa view of the gun and the parts of the mount immediately adjacentthereto as seen from the rear. Fig. 4

3 5 represents a'section through the axle and the frontend of one of thecheek-pieces of the trail, the said section being along the line 4 4 ofFig. 10. Fig. 5 represents a view of the same parts, but along the line5 5 of Fig. 10.

v4o Fig. 6 is a plan view of the gun and slide therefor as removed fromthe mount. Fig. 7 represents a vvertical section along the line 7 7 ofFig. 6, the gun being shown in elevation. Fig. 8 is an end view of aband to be Y 45 secured on the gun, vwhose function will be line 10 lOof Fig. 3. Fig. 11 is a det-ail view showing one of the hubs for thewheels with the brake attached thereto. Fig. 12 repre.- sents a sectionalong the line 12 13 in Fig. 1l 55 and shows the brake in theinoperative position; and Fig. 13 represents a like section of thebrake, showing the pin removed and the brake in operation. Fig. 14represents a section along the line 14 14 of Figs. l2 and 13. 6o Fig. 15represents the two brake-shoes detached from the brake in elevation, andFig.

16 represents end views offthe same.

A represents the gun-body, which is provided with the front band A andthe rear band A2. These bands have guide-lugs a.' and j a2,respectively, which travel in the guideways b in the top and bottom ofthe guideframe. This guide-frame consists of two parts B and B', hingedtogether, as -at b', so 7o as to inclose the gun-body, and the latterrecoils in this frame. This lower member B of the guide-frame isprovided with a perforated lug B0, in which the bolt C is mounted. Thisbolt passes-.through the two side brack- 7 5 ets D of the uppercarriage, on which the gun is supported. These brackets `ID are joinedtogether in the shoe-piece d, 'which is pivoted at d on the transom f,spanning the cheek-pieces F of the trail proper. The front 8o end ofthese side brackets D of the uppercarriage terminatesy in a yoke D2,projecting above and below the axle G, as shown in Figs.

5 and 6. The axle is preferably attened top and bottom, and eac'h yokeD'a is preferably 85 provided with one or more antifriction-rollers,which travel on top of the axle G. The yoke may be lined with awear-plate do, if desired.

In order to prevent lost motion, I preferably 9o provide anadjusting-screw D4, which may be locked in place by a lock-screw d4,(see Fig.

5,) if desired. These screws D4 should be screwed np enough to be justclear of the bottom of the axle, but without binding thereon. The uppercarriage,with the gun-mount thereon, is given lateral train through asmall angle by means of the hand-wheel K, jour-v naled in the collar7a', which is pivoted to the lug f at one side of the trail and whichroroo tates a screw K', which has its screw-threaded portion 7c projectinto the elongated nut 7a2,

' in trunnion-lugs h, which project into the ver`v 'Moreoven vthis givesnot only a'lateral train of the gun on the axle, but also enables niceadjustment to be quickly had', which is very difficult, where,as is nowcommonly the case, it is necessary to pick upthe spade out of the earthand train the gun by moving the trail.

The shock of the recoil of the gun on the mount is taken up as follows:H represents two recoil-levers pivotedon the bolt C and together formingva. yoke which projects up on either side of the gun. These two leversterminate tical guideway between-the lugs a2 ou the ring A?, made fastto the gun. (See Figs. 1, 6, and 7.) The lower end of each of these twolevers is pivoted to a cross-headon the pistonrod E' of therecoil-cylinder E. This recoilcylinder is preferably provided with aspring strong enough to return thel parts tothe initial position shown-in Fig. 1 after the gun has been fired.' This recoil-cylinderEispivoted, as at e, to the shoe-piecedv of theupper carriage, and thecylinder has a limited rotation in the vertical plane about its pivot.Pivoted on the bolt() is the elevating-bar P', connected, by means ofthe link Q and pin q, to the'lugs B4 at voneside of the lower mem'- berof the guide-frame B. To the rear end of this bar P' 'the collar P ispivoted, through which passes the screw N, which screw engages the nutD', pivoted to one of the side brackets of the upper carriage. Thisscrewis turned by means of the hand-wheel N'.- r.lhus the gun iselevated or depressed by screwing up or down on this screw N. When thegun isiired, it recoils tothe rear in the guide-frame, the trunnion-lngsh passing up in the guideway between the lugs a2, which thus allows forthe vertical play of the said lugs, while at the same time the upperends of the levers H are drawn rearward, dragging out the piston-rodEagainst the action of the -spring in the cylinder E and checking therecoil of the gun. After the gun has recoiled the spring in therecoil-cylinder restores the gunto the initial position. The rear end ofthe trail is provided with a spade F', braced by the supporting-platesf' and f2, (see Fig. 1,) and the shoe of the trail is provided with theusual socketf3 for the ytrail hand-spike F3. '.Io brake the wheels AW ofthe mount when the gun recoils', I provide the mechanism shown in Figs.to 16, where each Wheel W is provided with a hub W', having flanges wfor the spokes of the wheel. The spokes arev omitted in Fig. 11, and toth-is'hub is rigthe engaging arms of the brake-shoes X and X', whichbrake-shoes have the curved members m shouldered, as at w3, on theinside and terminating in oppositely-disposed arms fc', each `providedwith a hole .ft2 for the ta pered pin Y, which pin is preferably held bymeans of the chain 'y to the axle. -These brake-shoes are assembled asshown in Figs. When the pin Y is inserted in the place, as shown in Fig.14, which would be the normal position except when in battery, thebrakeshoes do not engage the wearplate to2, and consequently there is notendency of the wheels to brake. If, however, the pin be removed andthev piece be dragged either by the recoil or by hand, causing the hubto vturn in the direction of the'arrow in Fig-13, each brake-shoeWill-pivot about the shoulder m3. The brake-shoe X will bind at .1:4against the wear-plate '102, and the tendency'- 4will be to bind moreand more, while the brake-shoe. X' will bind about the points x5,

and the tendency will be for each to bind more and more as the motion ofthe wheel continues in the same direction. Moreover, it will be obviousthatif the brakes'are'a snug fit the least `motion of the Wheel rearwardwill throw the brakes into engagement. Thus it will be seen that thebrakes operate automatically and with great holding power.

From the Aforegoing it will be seen that I provide a field-carriagewhich consists, Aessentially, of two parts, an upper carriage, in whichthe gun is mounted and which may be trained laterally without disturbingthe trail porting this upper carriage and performing the ordinaryfunctions of -a `field-carriage,

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.of the lower carriage, the lower carriage supmechanism for controllingthe recoil of the gun and for restoring the gun to the initial position,readily accessible mechanism for elevating and training the gun withgreat'exactitude, and mechanism for promptly and etnciently braking thewheels.

vIt will be obvious that one brake-shoe only-as, for instance, thebrake-shoe X- may be used, if'desired. l

The various advantages of the herein-.de-

scribed construction' will readily suggestA yflattened on top, of anupper carriage supyI O.

porting the gun, pivoted at its rear end to said trail and having its@rward end travel- 4ing laterally on said axle, a bell-crank leverpivoted'to said trail, a link connecting said bell-crank lever and saidupper carriage, and means-for swinging said bellcrank lever about itspivot, substantially as described.

2. In a field-mount for artillery, the'combination with a trail andaxle, the latter being flattened on top, of an upper carriage supportingthe gun, pivoted at its rear end to said trail and having itsl forwardend traveling laterally in said ax-leya bell-crank lever pivoted to saidtrail, a link connecting said bell-crank lever and said upper carriage,a nut pivoted to said bell-crank lever, and a screw removably connectedto said trail and engaging said nut, substantially as described.

3. In amount for field artillery, the combination with a trail and axle,said axle being flattened on top, of an upper carriage supporting thegun and pivoted at its rear end 'to saidtrail and provided at itsforward end with antifriction -rollers traveling on said axle, and a jawprojecting beneath said axle and provided with an adj listing-screw toprevent lost motion, with means for moving said upper carriage through asmall angle to the right or left about its pivot, substantially asdescribed. L

4. In amount for field artillery, the combination with a trail and axle,said axle being flattened on top, of an upper Vcarriage supporting thegun and pivoted at its rear end to said. trail and provided at itsforward` end with antifriction rollers traveling on said axle, and a jawprojecting beneath said axle and provided with an adj listing-screw toprevent lost motion, a bell-crank lever pivoted to the trail, a linkconnecting said bell-crank lever withsaid upper carriage, and means formoving said bell-crank lever about its pivot, substantially asdescribed.

' 5. In a mount for -field'artillery, the. combination with a trail andaxle, said axle being flattened on top, of an upper carriage sup.porting the gun and pivoted at its rear end to said trail and providedat its forward end with antifriction rollers traveling on said axle, anda jaw projecting beneath said axle and provided with an adjusting-screwto prevent lostmotion, a bell-crank lever pivoted to the trail,a linkconnecting lsaid bell-crank 'lever with said upper carriage, anutpivoted to said bell-crank lever,.'and a screw revolubly connected tothe trail and engaging said nut, substantially as described.

6. In a field-mount for artillery, the combination with la trail andaxle, the latter being .flattened on top, of an upper carriage pivotedat its rear end to saidtrail and having its forward end travelinglaterally on said axle, a bell-crank lever pivoted to said trail, alinkconnecting saidbell-crank lever and said upper carriage, and means forswinging said `bell-crank lever about itsv pivot, and a gun mounted onsaid upper carriage, substantially as described.

7. In a field-'mount for artillery, the combination with a trailand-axle, the latter being flattened on top, of an upper carriagepivoted atits rear end to said trail and having its forward endtraveling laterally on said axle, a bell-crank lever pivoted to said`trail, a link connecting said bell-cranklever and said upper carriage,a nut pivoted to said bell-crank lever, and a screw removably connectedto said Atrail and engaging said nut, a guide-A franie pivoted on saidupper carriage, and a gun mounted in said guide-frame, substantially asdescribed.

- 8. In a mount for field artiller the combination with a trail andaxle, said axle beiner flattened on top, of an upper carriage pivo tedat its rear end to said trail and provided at its forward end withantifriction-rollers travcling on said axle, and a jaw projectingbeneath said axle and provided with an 4adjusting-screw to prevent lostmotion, withmeans for moving said upper carriage through a small angleto the right or left about its pivot, a guide-frame pivoted on saidupper carriage,

and a gun mounted in said guide-frame, substantially as described.

In a mount for field artillery, the combination with a trail and axle,said axle being -flattened on top, of an upper carriage pivoted at itsrear end to said trail and provided at its forward end withanfifriction-rollers traveling on said axle,'and a jaw projectingbeing-screw to prevent lost motion, abell-crank lneath said axle andprovided with an adjustlever pivoted to the trail, a link connecting lsaid bell-crank lever with said upper carriage, and means for movingsaid bell-crank lever about its pivot, a guide-frame pivoted on saidupper carriage, and a gun mounted in said guide-frame, substantially asdescribed.

10. In a mount for field artillery, the combination with a trail andaxle, said axle being flattened on top, of an upper carriage for the gunpivoted at its rear end to said trail and provided at its forward endwith antifrictionrollers travelingon said axle, and a jaw pro--described.

11. A mount for field artillery, comprising a trail and an axle, anupper carriage pivoted at its rear end to said trail audhaving'its frontend traveling laterally on said axle, Aa

guide-frame pivoted on said' upper carriage and su pporting the gun,brake-levers pivoted to-said upper carriage and engaging projections onthe gun, and recoil-check operated by said brake-levers when the gun isfired, substantially as described.

12. A mount for eld artillery, comprising a trail and an axle, an uppercarriage pivoted at its rear end to'said trail and having its front endtraveling laterally on said axle, bralre-levers pivoted on said uppercarriage and engaging vprojections on the gun, and a recoil-checkcomprising a recoil cylinder and piston 4connected to said brake-levers,sub stantially as described.

13. In a field-mount for artillery, the coinbination-with a trail andaxle, of an upper carriage mounted over said trail and axle andsupported thereby, a guide-frame supporting the gun pivoted on saidupper carriage, and

' supported thereby, and a guide-frame supporting the gun pivoted tosaid upper carriage, with a recoil-cylinder and'its piston interposedbetween said gun and said upper carriage, substantially as described.16. Ina field-mount for artillery, the combination with a trail andaxle, of an upper carriage mounted over said trail and axle andsupported thereby, and a guide-'frame supporting the gun, pivoted onsaid upper carriage, a link pivoted to said guide-frame, andelevating-gear connected to said link, substantially as described. A

17. In a eld-mount for artillery,the connbination with a trail and axle,of an upper carriage mounted over said trail and axle and supportedthereby, and a guide-frame supporting the gun pivoted on'said uppercarriage, a link'pivoted to the guide-frame, abar .pivoted to the uppercarriagel and to said. link and an elevating-screw connecting said barand said upper carriage, substantially as described.

v18. In a field-mount for artillery, the combination with a trail andaxle, of an upper carriage mounted over said trail and axle supportedthereby, and a guide-frame supporting the gun pivoted on said uppercarriage, with a recoil-check interposed between the gun .and said uppercarriage, a link pivoted to the guide-frame, and elevating-gearconnected to said link, substantially as described.

19. In a field-mount for artillery, the cornbination with a trail andaxle, of an upper carriage mounted over said trail and z le andsupported thereby, and a guide-frame supporting the gun pivoted on saidupper carriage, with a recoil-check interposed between the gun and saidupper carriage, a link pivoted to the guide-frame, abar pivoted to theupper carriage and to said link, and elevat.

ing-screw connecting said bar and said upper 7o bination with a trailandaxle, of an upper carriage mounted over said trail and axle andsupported thereby, and a guide-frame supporting the gun pivoted to saidupper carriage, with a recoil-cylinder and its piston interposed betweenthe gun and said upper carriage, a link pivoted to the' guide-frame, abar pivoted to the upper carriage and to said link, and anelevating-screw connecting said bar and said upper carriage,substantially as described. t

22. In a field-mount for artillery, the cornbination with a trail andaxle, the latterbeing flattened on top, of an' upper carriage pivoted atits rear to said trail and having its forward end traveling laterally onsaid axle, with means connected to the trail for training said uppercarriage,`a guide-frame pivoted on said upper frame, a gun mounted insaid slide, and an elevating-gear connecting said guide-frame and saidupper carriage, substantially as described.

23. Inra field-mount for artillery, the combination with a trail andaxle, the latter being liattened on top, of an upper carriage pivoted atits rear end to said trail and4 having its forward end travelinglaterally on said axle, a bell-crank lever pivoted to said trail, a linkconnectingsaid bell-crank lever and said upper carriage, and means forswinging said' bell-crank lever about its pivot, a gun mounted on saidupper carriage, and elevating-gear for said gun, substantially asdescribed.

24C. In a field-mount for artillery7 the combin'ation with a trail vandaxle, the latter being flattened on top, of an upper carriage pivoted atits rear end to said trail; and having its forward end travelinglaterally on said axle, a bell-crank lever pivoted to said trail, a linkconnecting said bell-crank lever and said upper carriage, a nut pivotedto said bell-crank lever, and a screw removably connected to said trailand engaging said nut, a gunmounted on said upper carriage, and an ele-.

'vating-gear for said gun, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

- LOUIS L. DRIGGS.` Witnesses:

ALBERT W. HOWE, L. J. ELIoT.

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